UDC 572 In the anthropology of the medieval population of the Novgorod land of the X-XV centuries, a diachronic trend is noted. The main part of the later Novgorodians in their anthropological features is close to the Finns. Early (XI-XIII centuries) inhabitants of the North-West show a significant similarity with the bolts. In accordance with the geographical distribution of features, they are part of an anthropologically homogeneous massif located on the western border of Eastern Europe in ancient Russian times, which also included various groups of Bolts of the I-II millennium AD and the East Slavic population of the beginning of the II millennium AD from the territories of modern Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova. The existence of such a community can be explained by the participation in the genesis of bolts and Slavs of a single substrate with pronounced Caucasian features-carriers of the culture of battle axes. Keywords: Novgorod land, Middle Ages, Slavs, Balts, anthropology, ethnogenesis. Introduction Skulls from ancient Russian necropolises of the XI-first half of the XIII century. on the territory of the Russian North-West, they are distinguished by a dolichocranial brain box and sharp facial profiling. Series of burial grounds of the XIII-XVI centuries are mixed. A complex of interrelated features, distinguished by high correlation coefficients, indicates the participation of two components in the composition of the anthropological characteristics of this population. One of them is related in origin to the early inhabitants of the same territory. Based on intra-and inter-group analysis, a complex of features with a high delineating effect was identified, contrasting the early series with the late ones: the width of the orbit, the height of the nose, and the angle of protrusion of the nasal bones, varying in one direction. The same complex also distinguishes the Baltic and Finnish groups. Archaeological and linguistic data do not yet allow us to speak about a si ... Read more