In the grammar of the modern Russian language, there are moments that cause difficulties in the traditional syntactic analysis and placement of punctuation marks in a sentence. They are associated with the existence of a "mysterious" part of speech - the category of state, or impersonal predicatives. The difficulty lies in the fact that nouns, high-quality short names, adjectives, and high-quality adverbs, acting in an atypical predicate function in an impersonal sentence, change the categorical reference and acquire the meaning of the state: "His face was cold"; "Everywhere is dry and cold, small light bulbs sparkle" (Gorky); "You are a little cold" (Turgenev). In the first example, "cold" is expressed as a short neuter adjective and is part of a predicate in a two-part sentence. In the second case, an adverb that performs the syntactic function of a circumstance of the course of action. In the third sentence, the word "cold" cannot be attributed either to adjectives (since there is no object whose sign it would directly denote), or to adverbs (since the word does not express a sign of action or other sign). Let's take another example: "Now it's hard for me to fall in love, It's awkward and funny to sigh, It's reckless to believe in Hope, It's a sin to deceive my husbands" (A. S. Pushkin. The italics are mine. - E. S.). Here socheta- page 113 Also, the selected words associated with the infinitive cannot be attributed to traditional adverbs and short forms of adjectives. What is it? Let's turn to the scientific facts. Initial attempts to understand the nature of impersonal predicates were made in the works of Russian linguists of the XIX century. They had in common the interpretation of these words as similar to the verb. Thus, A. Kh. Vostokov considered predicatives in the section of his grammar that deals with impersonal verbs (Vostokov A. Kh. Russian Grammar, St. Petersburg, 1859, pp. 80-81). The well-known Russian linguist N. P. Nekrasov qualified the words ful ... Read more