The article presents new comprehensive data on the dynamics of the natural environment in the basin of Lake Baikal. Bolshoe Inyaptukskoe on the North Baikal Plateau. The results of palynological, radiocarbon analysis, and counting of coal particles in loamy-peat deposits of the section located at an altitude of 1320 m above sea level reflect the history of vegetation and climate over the past 8-9 thousand years. The time limits of vegetation rearrangement intervals near the Ozerny-5 section are in good agreement with the regional and global climate trends. However, the process of changing the natural environment in the studied area had its own characteristics. The hypsometric position of the area and its location at high latitudes may have been the main reason for shifting the time boundaries of the local manifestation of major global and regional paleogeographic events. Key words: Siberia, North Baikal Highlands, high-resolution palynological record, vegetation and climate change, Middle-late Holocene. Introduction It is known that the vegetation of the Baikal region, which includes the North Baikal Highlands, was very susceptible to changes in the global and regional climate in the Holocene and responded relatively quickly to them (Bezrukova, 1999; Demske et al., 2005; Tarasov et al., 2007; Tarasov, Bezrakova, Krivonogov, 2009). It is also proved that climate changes in this area occurred almost synchronously with climate variations in the Northern Hemisphere (Prokopenko et al., 2010). For the high-altitude part of the North Baikal Highlands, which is a large intra-continental system of medium-mountain massifs and flat-topped ridges with contrasting topography, flora, climate, etc.- This work was supported by the Norwegian Research Council (NFR 179316, project "Homes, Hearts and Households in the Circumpolar North"), the Council of Social Sciences and Humanities of Canada (SSHRC MCRI412 - 2005 - 1004, Baikal Archaeological Project), and the Russian Foundation for ... Read more